Diabetes facts Diabetes is a chronic condition associated with abnormally high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Insulin produced by the pancreas lowers blood glucose. Absence
or insufficient production of insulin causes diabetes.
The two types of diabetes are referred to as type 1 and type 2. Former names for these conditions were insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes, or juvenile onset and adult onset diabetes. Symptoms of diabetes include increased urine output, thirst, hunger, and fatigue. Diabetes is diagnosed by blood sugar (glucose) testing.
The major complications of diabetes are both acute and chronic. Acute complications: dangerously elevated blood sugar (hyperglycemia) or abnormally low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) due to diabetes medications Chronic complications: disease of the blood vessels (both small and large) that can damage the feet, eyes, kidneys, nerves, and heart Diabetes treatment depends on the type and severity of the diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin, exercise, and a diabetic diet. Type 2 diabetes is first treated with weight reduction, a diabetic diet, and exercise. When these measures fail to control the elevated blood sugars, oral medications are used. If oral medications are still insufficient, insulin and other injectable medications are considered
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